Biblioterapia en el Reino Unido: el desarrollo histórico y las direcciones futuras
Resumen
Este artículo analiza tres modelos contrastantes de biblioterapia que se han desarrollado en el Reino Unido durante las últimas dos décadas. Basándose en la historia anterior de la biblioterapia, cada uno de estos modelos tiene como objetivo proporcionar acceso a textos seleccionados que se espera tengan un efecto positivo en la salud mental del lector. Los esquemas más extendidos se basan en el conocimiento médico y sanitario para proporcionar recursos de autoayuda para las enfermedades mentales diagnosticadas. Paralelamente, existen esquemas elaborados por expertos en literatura y educación que se enfocan en facilitar el acceso a la ficción y la poesía (a menudo con énfasis en la «ficción de calidad»), generalmente a través de la lectura en grupo. Además, hay un tercer modelo que, hasta ahora, no ha recibido un reconocimiento tan amplio. Basándose en nociones clave de la asistencia social y el desarrollo comunitario, este modelo pone más énfasis en los participantes en la biblioterapia que en los recursos que se utilizan. Este modelo «centrado en la persona» adopta una interpretación más inclusiva de lo que entendemos por «el texto» y tiene el potencial para el desarrollo de la biblioterapia en el Reino Unido en el futuro – ampliando las audiencias que desean participar y pueden beneficiarse.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Sarah McNicol, Liz Brewster
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
