Impact of the Ibirapitá Plan on the Gray Gap in Uruguay.
Abstract
We predict the impact of Ibirapita Plan as a public policy oriented towards overcoming the grey digital divide in Uruguay. According to this logistic model, the digital divide is the most critical barrier for the use of Internet among women 65 years and above targeted by this public policy. The Ibirapita tablet has the major impact among the technical infrastructure variables considered in the model. However, its impact depends on the availability of Internet access at home.
Besides, we proved the household structure and family composition impact over the probability of use of the Internet among this female population. On the one side, the motivation of a son living abroad has a positive influence, as well as a partner living at home or living alone. On the other side, living with their own children at home and with children below 14 years old diminishes the probability of Internet use. As a matter of fact, even women who have a computer and Internet access at home do not use Internet when they live with minors or their offspring. In such case, the grey digital divide is defeated by Ibirapita Plan.
Downloads
References
ALDANA, G.; GARCÍA, L.; JACOBO, A. (2012). Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) como alternativa para la estimulación de los procesos cognitivos en la vejez. CPU-e, Revista de Investigación Educativa, 14. Recuperado de http://www.uv.mx/cpue/num14/practica/aldana_garcia_mata_tic_vejez.html
ANTONUCCI, T. C.; AJROUCH, K. J.; BIRDITT, K. S. (2014). The convoy model: Explaining social relations from a multidisciplinary perspective. The Gerontologist, 54(1), 82-92. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnt118
ARBER, S.; DAVIDSON, K.; GINN, J. (2003). Gender and ageing. Maidenhead Filadelfia: Open University Press.
BANDURA, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
BANDURA, A. (1994). Social cognitive theory of mass communication. En J. Bryant y D. Zillman (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 61 89). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.
BARNARD, Y. et al. (2013). Learning to use new technologies by older adults: Perceived difficulties, experimentation behaviour and usability. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1715 1724. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.02.006
BARRANTES CÁCERES, R.; COZZUBO CHAPARRO, A. (2017). Age for learning, age for teaching: The role of inter-generational, intra-household learning in Internet use by older adults in Latin America. Information, Communication & Society, 1 17. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2017.1371785
BINOTTI, P.; SPINA, D. (2009). Funciones ejecutivas y aprendizaje en el envejecimiento normal: Estimulación cognitiva desde una mirada psicopedagógica. Revista Chilena de Neuropsicología, 4(2), 119 126.
BLASCHKE, C. M.; FREDDOLINO, P. P.; MULLEN, E. E. (2009). Ageing and technology: A review of the research literature. British Journal of Social Work, 39(4), 641 656. doi: 10.1093/bjsw/bcp025
BOGLIACCINI, J. A.; RODRÍGUEZ, F. (2015). Regulación del sistema educativo y desigualdades de aprendizaje en el Uruguay. Revista CEPAL. Recuperado de http://200.9.3.98/handle/11362/38798
BROADY, T.; CHAN, A.; CAPUTI, P. (2010). Comparison of older and younger adults’ attitudes towards and abilities with computers: Implications for training and learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 41(3), 473 485.
BROWN, S. A.; VENKATESH, V.; BALA, H. (2006). Household technology use: Integrating household life cycle and the model of adoption of technology in households. The Information Society, 22(4), 205 218. doi:10.1080/01972240600791333
CABALLERO DE LUIS, S. (2014). Internet, vejez y redes sociales en Uruguay: ¿se relacionan el soporte social e Internet? Revista de Ciencias Sociales, DS FCS, 27(35), 137-160.
CABALLERO DE LUIS, S. (2016). Internet, familia y hogares entre las mujeres mayores en Uruguay. Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Recuperado de https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311453428_Internet_familia_y_hogares_entre_las_mujeres_mayores_en_Uruguay
CAÑADAS RECHE, J. L. (2013). Regresión logística. Tratamiento computacional con R. (Tesis de maestría en Estadística Aplicada, Universidad de Granada). Recuperado de https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jose_Canadas-Reche/
CHAFFIN, A. J.; HARLOW, S. D. (2005). Cognitive learning applied to older adult learners and technology. Educational Gerontology, 31(4), 301 329. doi:10.1080/03601270590916803
CHANG, J.; MCALLISTER, C.; MCCASLIN, R. (2015). Correlates of, and barriers to, Internet use among older adults. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 58(1), 66-85. doi:10.1080/01634372.2014.913754
CHOI, N. G.; DINITTO, D. M. (2013). The digital divide among low income homebound older adults: Internet use patterns, eHealth literacy, and attitudes toward computer/Internet use. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 15(5), 93. doi:10.2196/jmir.2645
CORREA, T. et al. (2013). Brokering new technologies: The role of children in their parents’ usage of the Internet. New Media & Society.
CUTLER, S.; HENDRICKS, J.; GUYER, A. (2003). Age differences in home computer availability and use. The Journals of Gerontology, 58(B), 271 280.
CZAJA, S. J.; SHARIT, J. (2012) Designing training and instructional programs for older adults. Boca Ratón: CRC Press.
DAMODARAN, L.; SANDHU, J. (2016). The role of a social context for ICT learning and support in reducing digital inequalities for older ICT users. International Journal of Learning Technology, 11(2), 156-175.
DANNEFER, D. (1987). Aging as intracohort differentiation: Accentuation, the Matthew effect, and the life course. Sociological Forum, 2, 211 236.
DANNEFER, D.; SETTERSTEN, R. A. (2010). The study of the life course: Implications for social gerontology. En The SAGE handbook of social gerontology (pp. 4 20). Sage.
DE BENITO-CASTANEDO, J. (2017). Análisis bibliográfico sobre la brecha digital y la alfabetización en nuevas tecnologías. Revista Electrónica Educare, 21(2), 1. doi: 10.15359/ree.21-2.9
FERREIRA, S. M.; SAYAGO, S.; BLAT, J. (2016). Going beyond telecenters to foster the digital inclusion of older people in Brazil: Lessons learned from a rapid ethnographical study. Information Technology for Development, 22(1), 26-46. doi 10.1080/02681102.2015.1091974
FRIEMEL, T. N. (2016). The digital divide has grown old: Determinants of a digital divide among seniors. New Media & Society, 18(2), 313 331.
GALPERIN, H. (2017). Why are half of latin americans not online? A four country study of reasons for Internet non-adoption. International Journal of Communication, 11, 3332-3354.
GELMAN, A.; HILL, J. (2007). Data analysis using regression and multilevel/hierarchical models. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
HAEDERLE, M. (2011). Technology fear stops older adults from logging on: But scientists are breaking the computer block. AARP Bulletin. Recuperado de http://www.aarp.org/technology/innovations/info-08-2011/elderly-fear-of-technology.3.html
HAIR, J. et al. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7.a ed.).
HARGITTAI, E.; DOBRANSKY, K. (2017). Old dogs, new clicks: Digital inequality in skills and uses among older adults. Canadian Journal of Communication, 42(2), 195-212. doi:10.22230/cjc2017v42n2a3176
HELSPER, E. (2009). The ageing Internet: Digital choice and exclusion among the elderly. Working with Older People, 13(4), 28-33.
HELSPER, E. (2010). Gendered Internet use across generations and life stages. Communication Research, 37(3), 352 374. doi: 10.1177/0093650209356439
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Uruguay (2016). Encuesta continua de hogares 2016. Recuperado de http://www.ine.gub.uy/web/guest/encuesta-continua-de-hogares1
LÓPEZ ROLDÁN, P.; FACHELLI, S. (2015). Análisis de regresión logística. En Metodología de la Investigación Social Cuantitativa, 1.a ed., (pp. 5 56). Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès): Dipòsit Digital de Documents, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Recuperado de http://ddd.uab.cat/record/163570
MA, Q. et al. (2015). Acceptance of ICTs by older adults: A review of recent studies. En J. Zhou y G. Salvendy (Eds.), Human aspects of IT for the aged population. Design for aging, Vol. 9193 (p. 239). Los Ángeles: Springer.
MERRIAM, S. B.; CAFFARELLA, R. S.; BAUMGARTNER, L. M. (2012). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide. John Wiley & Sons.
MILLWARD, P. (2003). The “grey digital divide”: Perception, exclusion and barriers of access to the Internet for older people. First Monday, 8(7). doi:.5210/fm.v8i7.1066.
MORI, K.; HARADA, E. T. (2010). Is learning a family matter?: Experimental study of the influence of social environment on learning by older adults in the use of mobile phones: Is learning a family matter? Japanese Psychological Research, 52(3), 244-255. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5884.2010.00434.x
MUBARAK, F.; NYCYK, M. (2017). Teaching older people Internet skills to minimize grey digital divides: Developed and developing countries in focus. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 15(2), 165 178. doi: 10.1108/JICES-06-2016-0022
PETRETTO, D. R. et al. (2016). Envejecimiento activo y de éxito o saludable: Una breve historia de modelos conceptuales. Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología, 51(4), 229 241. doi:10.1016/j.regg.2015.10.003
PHILLIPS, J.; AJROUCH, K.; HILLCOAT NALLÉTAMBY, S. (2010). Key concepts in social gerontology. Sage.
Plan Ibirapitá. Plan de inclusión digital de jubilados. (s. f.). Recuperado de http://ibirapita.org.uy/
SCHEERDER, A.; VAN DEURSEN, A.; VAN DIJK, J. (2017). Determinants of Internet skills, uses and outcomes: A systematic review of the second -and third- level digital divide. Telematics and Informatics. doi: 10.1016/j.tele.2017.07.007
SILVA, E. B. (2010). Technology, culture, family: Influences on home life. Palgrave Macmillan, UK.
TSAI, H. S.; SHILLAIR, R.; COTTEN, S. R. (2015). Social support and “playing around”: An examination of how older adults acquire digital literacy with tablet computers. Journal of Applied Gerontology. 36(1), 29-55. doi:10.1177/0733464815609440
VAN DEURSEN, A., HELSPER, E. J., EYNON, R., y VAN DIJK, J. A. G. M. (2017). The compoundness and sequentiality of digital inequality. International Journal of Communication, 11, 452–473.
World Health Organisation. (2002). Active ageing: A policy framework.
Copyright (c) 2019 Soledad Caballero
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
